Carbon fluxes refer to the movement of carbon between different reservoirs in the Earth's system, such as the atmosphere, oceans, and terrestrial ecosystems. This includes processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, combustion, and the exchange of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and oceans. Understanding carbon fluxes is crucial for understanding the global carbon cycle and how it is influenced by human activities such as deforestation, fossil fuel combustion, and land use changes. Researchers study carbon fluxes to track the movement of carbon and its impact on climate change, as carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. By studying carbon fluxes, scientists can improve models that predict future climate change and develop strategies to mitigate the effects of rising carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. This research area plays a key role in our understanding of the Earth's carbon budget and how it is changing over time.